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===== Chips & Technologies =====

==== POST-процедуры ====

| Power on tests | CPU synchronizes with clock.  Check the CPU or clock if a failure occurs |
| System ROM Check | The BIOS runs a checksum on itself.   Check the BIOS chips if a failure occurs |
| DMA controller Fail | DMA controllers are initialized and tested.  Check the DMA chips if a failure occurs |
| System Timer Failed | Channels 0, 1, and 2 are tested in sequence.  If a failure occurs, check the PIT chips |
| Base 64K Memory Testing | Walking bit test performed on first 64K of RAM which is critical for the BIOS vector area to be initialized.  Check for bad RAM chips or a bad data or address line |
| Interrupt Controller Failed | Test the 8259 chip |
| CPU Still In Protected Mode | Attempts are made to read the configuration of the system through the 8042 keyboard controller |
| Refresh Not Occurring | Memory refresh is tested; standard refresh is 120-140ns.  Check the PIT if a failure occurs |
| Keyboard Controller Not Responding | Tests are run on the keyboard controller.  the the KBC 8042 if a failure occurs |
| Could Not Enter Protected Mode | BIOS attempts to enter protected mode to test extended memory.  Check the 8042 KBC chip or the A20 gate address line if a failure occurs |
| Initialize Timer | Attempts are made to initialize the PIT |
| Initialize DMA Controller | Attempts are made to initialize the DMA controllers |
| Entering/Exiting Protected Mode | The translation is handled by the keyboard controller and the A20 gate address line.  Check the keyboard controller if a failure occurs |
| Relocate Shadow RAM | BIOS attempts to shadow itself into extended memory.  Check for memory problems if a failure occurs |
| Test For EMS | Check for EMS adapter or an improper CMOS setting/Jumper setting if a failure occurs |
| Test Video Capabilities | Normally includes a memory test on the adapter memory up to 256K |
| Test Memory | Extensive testing of Base, Extended,and Expanded memory.  Check for defective memory modules, 8042 KBC, A20 gate address line or an improper CMOS and/or jumper setting |
| Check System Options | The hardware in the system is compared with the values stored in CMOS.  The PIT, PIC, 8042 KBC, RTC and other system board components are tested again |
| Peripheral Check and test | Checks are made for the peripherals at standard I/O ports including serial and parallel ports, keyboards, and math coprocessor.   You should see an error message on screen at the point if a failure occurs |
| Floppy Test | Floppy devices set in CMOS are checked and initialized.  If a bootable floppy is found the fixed disks are tested and the BIOS will boot to the floppy disk.  Check for defective controllers or an improper CMOS Setup if a failure occurs |
| Fixed Disk Test | Checks for fixed disks in CMOS.  If no bootable floppy in the A: drive, then the BIOS loads the first sector off the first fixed disk and jumps to the area of memory where the sector was loaded.  You may just see a flashing cursor or an error message from the potential operating system.  Check for improper CMOS Setup, defective controller, or fixed disk failure.  Also, check for a corrupt bootloader on the fixed disk |
| Advanced Options | These include the mouse, cache, etc..   you should see an error message on the screen at this point, except that a defective cache may hang the system.  In most cases, the cache will be disabled by the BIOS |

==== POST-коды ====

^ 00 ^ 01 ^ 02 ^ 03 ^ 04 ^ 05 ^ 06 ^ 07 ^ 08 ^ 09 ^ 0A ^ 0B ^ 0C ^ 0D ^ 0E ^ 0F |
^ 10 ^ 11 ^ 12 ^ 13 ^ 14 ^ 15 ^ 16 ^ 17 ^ 18 ^ 19 ^ 1A ^ 1B ^ 1C |    |    |    |
|    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |
|    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |
|    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |
^ 50 ^ 51 ^ 52 ^ 53 ^ 54 ^ 55 ^ 56 ^ 57 ^ 58 ^ 59 ^ 5A ^ 5B ^ 5C ^ 5D ^ 5E ^ 5F |
^ 60 ^ 61 ^ 62 ^ 63 ^ 64 ^ 65 ^ 66 ^ 67 ^ 68 ^ 69 ^ 6A ^ 6B ^ 6C ^ 6D ^ 6E ^ 6F |
^ 70 ^ 71 ^ 72 |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |
|    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |
^ 90 ^ 91 ^ 92 ^ 93 ^ 94 ^ 95 ^ 96 ^ 97 ^ 98 ^ 99 |    |    |    |    |    |    |
^ A0 ^ A1 ^ A2 ^ A3 ^ A4 ^ A5 ^ A6 ^ A7 ^ A8 ^ A9 ^ AA ^ AB ^ AC ^ AD |    |    |
|    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |
^ C0 ^ C1 ^ C2 ^ C3 |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |
|    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |
|    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |
|    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |

^ код  ^ название ^ описание ^
^  00  | Error in POS register | |
^  01  | CPU flag register failed | |
^  02  | CPU register test failed | |
^  03  | BIOS ROM checksum failed | |
^  04  | DMA controller test failed | |
^  05  | System timer IC failed | |
^  06  | Base 64K RAM failed address test: not installed, misconfigured, or bad addressing | |
^  07  | Base 64K RAM failed data test | |
^  08  | Interrupt controller failed | |
^  09  | Hot (unexpected) interrupt occurred | |
^  0A  | System timer does not interrupt | |
^  0B  | CPU still in protected mode | |
^  0C  | DMA page registers failed | |
^  0D  | Refresh not occurring | |
^  0E  | Keyboard controller not responding | |
^  0F  | Could not enter protected mode | |
^  10  | GDT or IDT failed, Keyboard controller failed | |
^  11  | LDT register failed, Keyboard controller failed | |
^  12  | Task register failed, Keyboard controller failed | |
^  13  | LSL instruction failed, keyboard controller failed | |
^  14  | LAR register failed, Keyboard controller failed | |
^  15  | VERR/VERW failed, Keyboard controller failed | |
^  16  | Keyboard controller gate A20 failed | |
^  17  | Exception failed/unexpected exception | |
^  18  | Shutdown during memory test | |
^  19  | Last used error code | |
^  1A  | Copyright checksum error | |
^  1B  | Shutdown during memory sizing | |
^  1C  | Chipset initialization | |
^  50  | Initialize hardware | |
^  51  | Initialize timer | |
^  52  | Initialize DMA controller | |
^  53  | Initialize 8259 programmable interrupt controller | |
^  54  | Initialize system chipset | |
^  55  | Setup EMS configuration | |
^  56  | Entering protected mode for first time | |
^  57  | Size memory chips | |
^  58  | Configure memory chip interleave | |
^  59  | Exiting protected mode for first time | |
^  5A  | Determine system board memory size | |
^  5B  | Relocate shadow RAM | |
^  5C  | Configure EMS | |
^  5D  | Set up wait state configuration | |
^  5E  | Re-test 64K RAM | |
^  5F  | Test shadow RAM | |
^  60  | Test CMOS RAM | |
^  61  | Test video | |
^  62  | Test and initialize DDNIL bits | |
^  63  | Test protected mode interrupt | |
^  64  | Test address line A20 | |
^  65  | Test memory address lines | |
^  66  | Test memory | |
^  67  | Test extended memory | |
^  68  | Test timer interrupt | |
^  69  | Test real time clock (RTC) | |
^  6A  | Test keyboard | |
^  6B  | Test 80x87 math chip | |
^  6C  | Test RS232 serial ports | |
^  6D  | Test parallel ports | |
^  6E  | Test dual card | |
^  6F  | Test floppy drive controller | |
^  70  | Test hard drive controller | |
^  71  | Test keylock | |
^  72  | Test pointing device | |
^  90  | Setup RAM | |
^  91  | Calculate CPU speed | |
^  92  | Check configuration | |
^  93  | Initialize BIOS | |
^  94  | POST Bootstrap | |
^  95  | Reset IC's | |
^  96  | PEAK: System board POS.   NEAT/OC8291 ELEAT: Test /initialize cache RAM and controller. | |
^  97  | VGA power on diagnostics and setup | |
^  98  | Adapter BIOS | |
^  99  | Re-initialize DDNIL bits | |
^  A0  | Exception 0 | |
^  A1  | Exception 1 | |
^  A2  | Exception 2 | |
^  A3  | Exception 3 | |
^  A4  | Exception 4 | |
^  A5  | Exception 5 | |
^  A6  | Exception 6 | |
^  A7  | Exception 7 | |
^  A8  | Exception 8 | |
^  A9  | Exception 9 | |
^  AA  | Exception A | |
^  AB  | Exception B | |
^  AC  | Exception C | |
^  AD  | Exception D | |
^  C0  | System board memory failure | |
^  C1  | I/O channel check activated | |
^  C2  | Watchdog timer timeout | |
^  C3  | Bus timer timeout | |

==== Звуковые сигналы ====
Центр компьютерной помощи «1 2 3»

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